‘dance rattles made of Pangium edule’
L - l
|
| lahe ‘dance rattles made of Pangium edule’ |
lahe [lahe] n. Ankle rattle tree, Bisl. Nalake; arbre fruitier dont on fait les grelots pour la danse traditionnelle, Bisl. Nalake. Pangium edule.
lahi [lahi] vi. married, get or be married; se marier. ▪ Na pa lahi pong r̄olu. ‘I will marry in three days' time.’ ▪ Nko pa je lahi jo je r̄e nar̄u-m. ‘You shall not marry nor shall you have any children.’ ‘Tu ne te marieras pas et tu n'auras point d'enfant.’
▷ Traditional marriages consist of a man giving presents and money to his future in-laws, in order to "buy" (voli) their daughter as his wife. For customary laws regarding widows, see elua~ and r̄oha~.
◆ n. wedding, marriage; mariage. ▪ No-ku lahi lo r̄av̈alu vir̄u. ‘My wedding is next month.’ ‘Mon mariage a lieu le mois prochain.’
◈ Etym. *laki.
laho [laho] ni. [tree] trunk; tronc. ▪ laho holo ‘trunk of a coconut-tree’. ▪ R̄aju mo hese mo karumi-a laho vinini. ‘Someone was scraping the trunk of the palmtree.’ ‘Quelqu'un était là, qui grattait le tronc du palmier.’
► Syn: par̄a.
► See: hap̈asi ‘stem’.
laku [laku] ni. small forked wooden pegs fixing the outrigger (jam̈a) to the horizontal pole (evua), and tied with vegetal ropes (asi); petites chevilles de bois en forme de fourches, permettant d'attacher le balancier de la pirogue (jam̈a) au joug central (evua), et fixées au moyen de liens (asi). ▪ Mo r̄ai-a asi-na, mo r̄ai-a jam̈a-na, mo r̄ai-a evua-na, laku-na. ‘He made the ropes (for his canoe), made the outrigger, carved the central yoke and the little pegs.’ ‘Il fabriqua les liens (de sa pirogue), en fabriqua le balancier, en tailla le joug central, et les petites fourches.’
◈ Etym. *laqu ‘outrigger struts’.
lala [lala] n. hypocoristic term of address for "uncle".
► Syn: (v)elua~, (ve)r̄ahur̄a~, (ve)m̈ar̄a~3.
1 • [Ego M] uncle: mother's brother; [Ego H] oncle: frère de la mère.
2 • [Ego M] nephew, niece: sister's child; [Ego H] neveu ou nièce: enfant de la sœur.
3 • [Ego F] husband's uncle, uncle-in-law.
► See: elua~.
lam̈ani [lan̼ani] n. boy, male; vs. p̈ir̄a (woman, female); garçon. ▪ Lam̈ani vo p̈ir̄a? ‘(Is he) a boy or a girl?’
► Syn: r̄aju.
◈ Etym. *mwaqane (?).
langalanga [laŋalaŋa] adp. with ulcers: in several skin diseases (itch, scabies, hovi), langalanga is used when the dead skin drops off in pieces; avec des ulcères : dans certaines maladies graves de la peau (gale ou eczéma, hovi), employé lorsque la peau morte s'en va par morceaux. ▪ Pan r̄aju hosun mo hovhovi, hovi-na mo hovi langalanga. ‘Now, this young man had scabies, an ulcerous scabies.’ ‘Or, ce jeune homme avait la gale, une gale qui faisait partir sa peau en lambeaux.’
◈ Etym. laŋalaŋa-i maji ‘fish scales’; *laŋa-i ‘lift flat object from surface’.
langi [laŋi] ni. ~ lang. wind; vent. ▪ langi-n Tahuna ‘the southern wind’. ‘le vent du Sud’. ▪ Vivara mo avu lang mo var̄i-a. ‘The reed flies away in the wind. [lit. it flies the wind takes it]’. ‘Le roseau s'envole, emporté par le vent.’ ▪ Lang jo losu jo pa usa. ‘There will be a hurricane [lit. the wind will strike] and it'll rain.’ ‘Il y aura un cyclône et des averses.’
◈ Etym. *laŋi.
lango [laŋo] n. fly; mouche. ▪
◈ Etym. *laŋo.
lap̈a [lat̼a] adj. 1 • big, large; grand, de grande taille. ▪ Naur̄a Lap̈a ‘[the big isle] Santo island’. ‘[le grand pays] l'île de Santo’. ▪ Mo varai r̄ap̈ala-na mo re "Ee! O polo r̄e hap lap̈a!" ‘He shouted to his fellow "Hey! Please light a huge fire!"’. Mostly singular; for several large objects, cf. v̈alalap̈a.
▷ Plutôt avec un sens singulier ; pour un ensemble d'objets grands, cf. v̈alalap̈a.
2 • abundant, bountiful; abondant, en grande quantité. ▪ Nam r̄e r̄ai-a viha lap̈a. ‘I cut a lot of wood.’ ‘J'ai coupé beaucoup de bois.’
3 • important, e.g. symbolically; important, considérable. ▪ r̄aju lap̈a ‘chief, community leader [lit. "big man"]’. ‘chef, notable [grand homme]’.
◆ adp. a lot, considerably; beaucoup, largement, de façon considérable. ▪ Mo var̄i-a rau vinini mo m̈a mo hasan-i-a mo ung lap̈a. ‘He set fire to a palm-leaf, which became a big fire [lit. it burnt big].’ ‘Il alla chercher une feuille de palmier, et alluma un feu qui brilla à grandes flammes.’
◈ Etym. *laba.
lar̄e [lare] vt. break <a long object> in two, deliberately or not; casser en deux (un objet long), volontairement ou non. ▪ Nam lar̄e sari-ku. ‘I broke my leg.’ ‘Je me suis cassé la jambe.’
◆ vi. break (intr.), be broken. ▪ Ranga viha mo lar̄e hase-na. ‘The branch broke by itself.’ ‘La branche de l'arbre s'est cassée toute seule.’
► See: m̈a-lar̄e ‘broken’ ‘cassé’; koso.
◈ Etym. *late.
lasa [lasa] n. cup, glass, used to drink; esp. cup made out of a coconut half-shell; tasse, verre, récipient utilisé pour boire.
◈ Etym. *lasa ‘coconut half-shell cup’.
laso [laso] ni. testicles; testicules.
◈ Etym. *lasoʀ.
le [le] asp. again; encore.
1 • again, once again, back; encore, à nouveau. ▪ Va r̄aju mo le mle, mo le v̈a lo ima-n r̄am̈a-na. ‘The young man turned around and went back to his father's house.’ ‘Le jeune homme s'en retourna, et regagna la maison de son père.’ ▪ Om r̄e hanhan mo r̄e iso, voni om re o le han r̄e hina? ‘Have you finished your meal ? or do you still want to eat something ?’ ‘Tu as fini ton repas ? ou bien tu veux encore manger quelque chose?’ ▪ Mo v̈ei-a v̈a vara uluvo mo le smat. ‘He carried on this way until the young man became a beautiful boy once more.’ ‘Il continua ainsi, jusqu'à ce que le jeune homme redevînt beau garçon.’
► See: m̈isi ‘still’ ‘encore’.
2 • [with negation je] (not) any longer; (avec négation je) [ne...] plus. ▪ Mo pa le r̄uru lo nahorani mo je le lesi Raki. ‘When they got up again in the morning, they could not see Araki any more.’ ▪ Mo je le usa. ‘It's not raining any more.’ ‘Il ne pleut plus.’
leo [leo] ni. [animal, hum] voice; voix. ▪ Nam rongo leo-m, nam rongo mo holoho. ‘I heard your voice and I felt good.’ ‘Moi j'entendais ta voix et je me sentais bien.’ ▪ Mo velu, rai nohosu mo r̄oho r̄o Naur̄a-Lap̈a mo rongo leo-ro r̄o. ‘As they were dancing, those who were on the mainland (Santo) could hear their voices.’ ‘Ils dansent, et ceux qui habitent Santo entendent leur voix.’
◈ Etym. *leo.
lep̈a [let̼a] n. ~ lepa. 1 • ground, floor; terre, surface du sol. ▪ Mo voro kar̄ano lo lepa. ‘(the arrow) falls down on the ground.’ ‘Il tombe par terre.’ ▪ Mo je les r̄e jau lo lepa. ‘They see no coconut crab on the ground.’ ‘Ils ne voient aucun crabe de cocotier par terre.’
► See: kar̄ano.
2 • earth, mud, as a substance; terre, boue, en tant que matière. ▪ jiliv lep̈a ‘earthenware pot’. ‘pot en terre’.
◈ Etym. *leba ‘mud, dirt’.
Ler̄uvahi [leruβahi] top. Leruvahi, a place on Araki island; Leruvahi, lieu-dit dans l'île d'Araki.
▷ Cet endroit était le lieu d'un oracle : les hommes lancent de là-haut un roseau, et connaissent leur destinée en fonction de l'arbre sur lequel ce roseau atterrit. This was where an oracle was pronounced : men threw a reed from this place and found out their destiny according to which tree the reed landed on.
lesi [lesi] vt. ~ les. see; notice, come across; voir. ▪ Nia mo vuso, mo je levse lesi r̄e hina. ‘He's blind, he can't see anything.’ ‘Il est aveugle, il ne peut rien voir.’ ▪ Nr̄e ran jo pa v̈anov̈ano, jo lesi-a se jo pa v̈anov̈ano vila. ‘One day we'll have a race, and we'll see who's the faster!’ ‘Un jour, nous ferons la course, et nous verrons bien qui avance (le plus) vite !’ ▪ M̈ala mo kla v̈a mo lesi-a jam. ‘The hawk looked and saw the piece of yam.’ ‘Le faucon regarda et vit le morceau d'igname.’
► See: kla ‘look’ ‘regarder’.
lesles te vi. hate, resent (s.o., ni~); haïr, détester, avoir du ressentiment (contre qqn, ni~). ▪ M̈ar̄a r̄ungana hosu mo lesles te ni-ra. ‘Since that time, they have hated [looked bad at] each other.’ ‘Et depuis ce temps-là, ils se considèrent comme des ennemis’.
◈ Etym. *leʔo-si ‘see, look at’; *leqos.
leta [leta] n. letter; lettre. ▪ Na ul r̄e leta jo sivo sa-n pua. ‘I must write a letter to [lit. which should go to] my mother.’
◈ Borrowed from letter.
levosai [leβosai] vi. clever, wise, wicked; intelligent, rusé, malin. ▪ Spoemalao nia r̄aju mo hese mo levosai mo holo-ho. ‘Spoemalao is a really clever man.’ ‘Spoemalao, c'est un homme diablement rusé.’
► See: levse ‘know’ ‘savoir’.
levse [leβse] vt. 1 • know <s.th., s.o.>; savoir, connaître <qqch, qqn>. ▪ Nam levse r̄aju mo hese jo pa r̄uen-i-ko. ‘I know a man who can help you.’ ‘Je connais un homme qui peut t'aider.’
2 • understand, realise (that, mo re); comprendre, se rendre compte (que, mo re). ▪ Mo levsei-a mo re r̄am̈ar̄e mo han-i-a. ‘He realised that (his friend) had been devoured by a devil.’ ‘Il comprit que (son ami) avait été dévoré par un démon.’
3 • know how to, be capable of (doing s.th.); savoir faire, être capable de (faire qqch). ▪ Nam levse velu. ‘I know how to dance.’ ‘Je sais danser.’
4 • be able to, succeed in; pouvoir, réussir à. ▪ Nam je levsei rongo-ko. ‘I can't hear you.’ ‘Je ne peux pas t'entendre.’ ▪ Nia mo vuso, mo je levse lesi r̄e hina. ‘He's blind, he can't see anything.’ ‘Il est aveugle, il ne peut rien voir.’ ▪ Mo v̈e lesi-a mo re ha nak-i-a, ha je levsei nak-i-a. ‘They try to kill him but they do not succeed.’ ‘Ils essayent de le tuer, mais ils ne réussissent pas à le faire.’
5 • be used to, (do s.th.) usually; avoir l'habitude de. ▪ Mohi mo levse har̄i-a r̄aju. ‘Mosquitoes bite [lit. know how to bite men].’ ‘Les moustiques, ça pique [savent mordre les hommes]’. ▪ Nam je levsei inumi-a hae. ‘I'm not used to [lit. I don't know how to] drinking kava.’ ‘Je n'ai pas l'habitude de [je ne sais pas] boire du kava.’
 |
| levu ‘breadfruit’ |
levu [leβu] n. ~ vi-levu. breadfruit, either the tree or the fruit; arbre à pain, fruit à pain. Artocarpus altilis. ▪ ▪ Mara variri mo sivo mo sihevi lo levu. ‘The children go and climb on the breadfruit-trees (to pick some).’ ▪ Mo var̄i-a levu ri mo huren-i-a lo vi-pue mo r̄un-i-a mo var̄i-a mo han-i-a. ‘They take the breadfruit, put it in a bamboo stem, cook it, and finally they take it and eat it.’
► See: kavula ‘breadfruit pith’.
lim̈a [lin̼a] num. five; cinq. ▪ Nam lahi, ran mo lim̈a, lang mo pa losu. ‘Just five days after my wedding, we were hit by a cyclone.’ ‘Juste cinq jours après mon mariage, un cyclône a eu lieu.’ ▪ R̄av̈al wik, jo pa usa lo ha-lim̈a ran. ‘It will rain on Friday of next week.’ ‘La semaine prochaine, il pleuvra vendredi.’
◆ ni. hand, arm; from shoulder to fingers; main, bras, s'étend de l'épaule aux doigts. ▪ Nam lung-i-a lim̈a-ku nam re na v̈alum isa-m. ‘I am clenching my fists to fight with you.’ ‘Je ferme le poing pour me battre contre toi.’ ▪ Nam varai kam̈im nam re ha v̈a hojo lim̈a-m̈im! ‘I told you to wash your hands, but they are still black!’ ‘Je vous ai dit d'aller vous laver les mains !’
lolo lim̈a ni. palm of the hand; paume de la main.
mavuhi lim̈a ni. wrist; poignet.
► See: mavuhi ‘knot (bamboo)’ ‘jointure, nœud (bambou)’.
◈ Etym. *lima.
ling [liŋ] vt. Tr: lingi-. carry, take <s.o.> on a vehicle, esp. a canoe; transporter, emporter (qqn) sur un moyen de transport, ex. pirogue. ▪ Mo viji va p̈ir̄a mo viji mo var̄i-a mo ling-i-a mo sa lo m̈asap̈a. ‘He brought the woman on board, and took her out towards the deep sea.’ ‘Il embarqua la femme, il la prit avec lui (dans sa pirogue), et l'emmena vers le large.’ ▪ Mo ling-i-a mo var̄i-a mo v̈a. ‘He takes him (in his canoe) and goes on his way.’ ‘Il le prend (dans sa pirogue) et continue sa route.’
► Syn: viji.
◈ Etym. *liŋi ‘put, leave’.
lito [lito] vi. spit; cracher. ▪ O kan lito! ‘Don't spit!’
litovi- vt. spit on <s.o>; fig. offend, reject, humiliate; cracher sur <qqn>; fig. outrager, rejeter, humilier. ▪ Nam litovi-a mo le mle. ‘I humiliated him, and he went away.’ ‘Je l'ai humilié, si bien qu'il est reparti.’ ▪ Inko hosu nanov om litovi-á? ‘So it was you who offended me yesterday?’ ‘C'est donc toi qui m'a outragé hier?’
◈ Etym. *loto-vi ‘foam, spit’.
liuha [liuha] ni. back; dos. ▪ Liuha-ku mo haj-i-á. ‘J'ai mal au dos.’
► Syn: juhu.
livuha [liβuha] ni. middle, in-between; milieu. ▪ p̈is livuha ‘the middle finger’. ‘le (doigt) majeur’.
◈ Etym. *livu-ka ‘middle, between’.
ljeng [ltɕeŋ] vt. Tr: ljengi-. strike, hit; frapper, donner un coup. ▪ Huir̄a mo var̄i-a ranga vi-aru mo re jo ljeng hariv. ‘The Octopus took a branch of ironwood to strike the Rat with it.’ ‘La pieuvre saisit une branche de Casuarina, pour en frapper le rat.’
► Syn: nak.
► See: vjan ‘bump’ ‘heurter’.
lo [lo] prep. 1 • in, on, at: locative preposition, referring to space; dans. ▪ lo jara-m ‘in your country’. ‘dans ton pays, chez toi’. ▪ Mo rovo mo mle mo sa lo ima. ‘He fled without further ado, running back up home.’ ‘Il prit ses jambes à son cou et courut rentrer chez lui.’ ▪ O sna sarai lo pili-ku. ‘Come and sit on my shoulders.’ ‘Viens t'asseoir sur mes épaules.’
2 • locative preposition, referring to time. ▪ Lo Kr̄ismas muru mo je usa. ‘Last Christmas, it didn't rain.’ ‘Au Noël dernier [lt. premier Noël], il n'a pas plu.’ ▪ Lo m̈auri-ku, nam je m̈isi han r̄e. ‘I had never eaten any in my whole lifetime.’ ‘Dans ma vie, je n'en avais jamais mangé.’
3 • preposition for an oblique relation, esp. when the verb is intransitive, or the object slot is already taken by another NP (see sile 'give', vse 'show', soro 'say', viris 'squeeze'). ▪ O sle-i-á lo hina nohoni! ‘Give me that thing! [lit. provide me with that thing]’. ‘Donne-moi ça !’ ▪ Om soro lo sa? ‘What did you say? [lit. you said of what?]’. ‘Qu'est-ce que tu as dit?’ ▪ Mo poe mo re jo pa tr̄aim lo aka-na. ‘He wanted to try his canoe. [lit. try at his canoe]’. ▪ Nam re na pa vaver̄e lo ver̄e mo hese. ‘I'd like to sing a song. [lit. to sing at a song]’. ‘Je veux chanter une chanson.’
lokoru [lokoɾu] vi. angry, cross (at, ni~ / nira~); être en colère (contre, ni~ / nira). ▪ Mo r̄angi m̈ar̄a mo levsei-a nam lolokoru nia. ‘He's crying because he knows that I am angry at him.’ ‘Il pleure parce qu'il sait que je suis en colère contre lui.’ ▪ Nia mo lolokoru niran naivou-na. ‘He's angry at his wife.’ ‘Il est en colère contre sa femme.’
lolo [lolo] ni. 1 • inner part, inside of (+N); intérieur. ▪ lolo lim̈a-ku ‘my palms [the inside of my hands]’. ‘la paume [lt. l'intérieur] de ma main’.
2 • [hum] inward part of a person, seat of feelings, "heart".
► See: lo-koru ‘angry’.
◆ vpr. inside, in (+N). ▪ Lolo jojo mo pa usa. ‘During [lit. inside] the night it rained.’ ‘Cette nuit, il a plu.’ ▪ Mo rongo hav̈e mo hese mo r̄oho kia lolo-n viha hosun. ‘He heard a crab, which was there inside that tree.’ ‘Il ressentit la présence d'un crabe, qui se trouvait là dans cet arbre.’
◈ Etym. *lolo.
losu [losu] vi. [wind langi] create a hurricane; (tempêter). ▪ Nam lahi, ran mo lim̈a, lang mo pa losu. ‘Five days after my wedding, there was a hurricane [lit. the wind struck (?)]’. ‘Juste cinq jours après mon mariage, un cyclône a eu lieu [le vent a frappé].’
◈ Etym. losu ‘hit, kill’.
losulosu [losulosu] n. Broad-billed Flycatcher, small bird, 16 cm; Gobe-mouches à Large Bec, passereau, 16 cm. Myiagra caledonica. ▪ ▪
lotu [lotu] ni. shin-bone; tibia. ▪ Lotu-na mo m̈a-lar̄e. ‘He broke his shin-bone.’
► See: sari ‘leg, foot’; sui ‘bone’.
lpo [lpo] vi. [+ Directional v̈a, si] try to, endeavour: indicates a tentative or hesitating action; (suivi d'un Directionnel v̈a, si) essayer de, chercher à. Signale qu'une action est provisoire ou hésitante. ▪ Na lpo si na lesi-a r̄a. — Ale, o lpo si! ‘I shall try and see him. — Alright, you go!’ ‘Je vais essayer de l'apercevoir. — D'accord, vas-y !’
► See: v̈e les ‘try to’ ‘tenter de’.
lua [lua] vi. vomit; vomir. ▪
◈ Etym. *lua; *luaq.
lulu [lulu] adj. white; blanc. ▪ R̄as mo re mo m̈a mo nak-i-a mo posi mo viriha mo m̈a mo lulu. ‘Each time the waves hit it, (the octopus) changed colour, from black to white.’ ‘Chaque fois que les vagues venaient le frapper, (le poulpe) changeait de couleur, tantôt noir, tantôt blanc.’ ▪ Om lesi Tumepu mo lulu lo r̄av̈alu-na, jam lesi-a r̄o mo lulu mo re Raki mo nak-i-a. ‘You can see Tumepu, how it is white on the other side; this white colour we see recalls how it was struck by Araki.’ ‘Tu vois Tumepu, qui est blanche de l'autre côté ? La blancheur que l'on voit rappelle le coup qu'elle a reçu d'Araki.’ ▪ r̄aju lulu ‘a white man, either European (tasale) or albino’.
► Ant: viri-ha.
◈ Etym. *lulu ‘barn owl’.
lumiha [lumiha] vi. dirty; sale. ▪ Nam varai kam̈im nam re ha v̈a hojo lim̈a-m̈im, pan lim̈a-m̈im mo lumiha, huraurar̄a mo r̄oho r̄o nia. ‘I told you to wash your hands, but they are still dirty, there is still some dirt on them.’ ‘Je vous avais dit d'aller vous laver les mains, mais elles sont encore sales, encore recouvertes de saleté.’
► Ant: vokovoko.
► See: vsovso ‘filthy’ ‘crasseux’.
lumlum [lumlum] n. moss, seaweed; Bisl. Nalumlum; mousse, lichens; Bisl. Nalumlum.
◈ Etym. *lumu.
lung [luŋ] vt. fold, bend; esp. clench <fist>; plier, replier. ▪ Nam lung-i-a lim̈a-ku nam re na v̈alum isa-m. ‘I am clenching my fists to fight with you.’ ‘Je ferme le poing pour me battre contre toi.’
◈ Etym. *lulu-mwi ‘to roll up’; *lumi ‘fold, hem, crease’.